Thesis for Ph.D. in Theory and Numerical Simulations of the Condensed Matter Channel Mixing and Spin Transport in the Integer Quantum Hall Effect

نویسندگان

  • Davide Venturelli
  • Denis Feinberg
  • Rosario Fazio
  • Vittorio Giovannetti
  • Fabio Taddei
چکیده

List of publications, pre-prints and works in progress 91 Acknowledgements 93 2 Summary / Résumé Edge states are 1-dimensional transport channels, emerging in quantum wells in the integer Quantum Hall regime, with remarkable properties of chirality and quantum coherence. In this thesis we present the idea of manipulating electronic currents mixed over two co-propagating edge channels, and discuss its potential impact for quantum interferometry and transport of spin-qubit states. We introduce the characteristics of edge states and evaluate the effect of local, non adiabatic potentials and their efficiency to transfer charge between two channels. We show that sharp potential variations whose energies are smaller than the Landau gap provide weak mixing, and we identify some experimental strategies that can achieve good mixing percentages. We develop numerical techniques of simulation to model existing experiments that employ mixed edge channels, and analytical methods in order to treat the effect of Coulomb interactions between edge states in a future spin-interferometry experiment. Les états de bord sont des canaux de transport unidimensionnels qui se développent dans des puits quantiques en régime d'Effet Hall entier, avec de remarquables propriétés de chiralité et de cohérence quantique. Dans cette thèse nous présentons l'idée d'une manipulation de courants électroniques mettant en jeu le mélange de deux canaux de bord co-propageants, et nous discutons son impact potentiel pour l'interférométrie quantique et le transport de qubits de spin. Nous présentons les caractéristiques des états de bord et évaluons l'effet de potentiels locaux et non-adiabatiques, et de leur efficacité pour transférer la charge entre les deux canaux. Il est montré que des variations rapides du potentiel, d'amplitude plus petite que le gap de Landau, donnent lieu à un faible mélange, et nous identifions des stratégies expérimentales permettant d'atteindre un bon pourcentage de mélange. Nous développons des techniques de simulation numérique afin de modéliser de ex-périences qui mettent en jeu des canaux avec mélange, ainsi que des méthodes analy-tiques permettant de traiter les interactions coulombiennes entre états de bord, en vue de futures expériences d'interférométrie de spin. This chapter provides a general introduction to the physical system which is the main object of discussion of the following chapters: the edge states in 2-dimensional electron gases in the integer Quantum Hall regime. We will also briefly present the transport properties of these states by means of the Landauer-Buttiker scattering formalism which will be used as an underlying paradigm of reference for calculation of …

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تاریخ انتشار 2011